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Ulysses S. Grant was the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877, commanding general of the Army, soldier, international statesman, and author.
The President of the United States is the head of state and head of government of the United States.
General Ulysses S Grant: 'Mr Lincolns Butcher' | Civil War Journal by PANGEA
During the American Civil War Grant led the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy with the supervision of President Abraham Lincoln.
Abraham Lincoln was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.
The Union Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War, 1861 to 1865.
A civil war is an armed conflict within a nation.
Ulysses S. Grant Was A Victor, Not a Butcher (2004) by Way Back
During the Reconstruction Era President Grant led the Republicans in their efforts to remove the vestiges of Confederate nationalism, racism, and slavery.
The term Reconstruction Era, in the context of the history of the United States, has two senses: the first covers the complete history of the entire country from 1865 to 1877 following the American Civil War ; the second sense focuses on the attempted transformation of the Southern United States from 1863 to 1877, as directed by Congress, from states with economies dependent upon slavery, to states in which former slaves were citizens with civil rights.
From early childhood in Ohio, Grant was a skilled equestrian who had a talent for taming horses.
Ohio is an Eastern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.
He graduated from West Point in 1843 and served with distinction in the Mexican–American War.
The Mexican–American War, also known as the Mexican War, the U.S.–Mexican War or the Invasion of Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States from 1846 to 1848.
Upon his return, Grant married Julia Dent, and together they had four children.
Julia Boggs Dent Grant, was the First Lady of the United States and wife of Ulysses S. Grant.
In 1854, Grant abruptly resigned from the army.
He and his family struggled financially in civilian life for seven years.
When the Civil War broke out in 1861, Grant joined the Union Army and rapidly rose in rank to general.
Grant was persistent in his pursuit of the Confederate enemy, winning major battles and gaining Union control of the Mississippi River.
Mississippi is a state located in the southern region of the United States, with part of its southern border formed by the Gulf of Mexico.
The Mississippi River is the chief river of the largest drainage system on the North American continent.
In March 1864, President Abraham Lincoln promoted Grant to Lieutenant General, a rank previously reserved for George Washington.
George Washington was an American politician and soldier who served as the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797 and was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
For over a year Grant's Army of the Potomac fought the Army of Northern Virginia led by Robert E. Lee in the Overland Campaign and at Petersburg.
The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War, as well as the primary command structure of the Department of Northern Virginia.
The Overland Campaign, also known as Grant's Overland Campaign and the Wilderness Campaign, was a series of battles fought in Virginia during May and June 1864, in the American Civil War.
On April 9, 1865, Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox, and the war ended.
On April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated.
Grant continued his service under Lincoln's successor President Andrew Johnson, promoted General of the Army in 1866.
Disillusioned by Johnson's conservative approach to Reconstruction, Grant drifted toward the "Radical" Republicans.
Elected the youngest 19th Century president in 1868, Grant stabilized the post-war national economy, created the Department of Justice, and prosecuted the Ku Klux Klan.
The Ku Klux Klan, or simply the Klan, is the name of three distinct movements in the United States that have advocated extremist reactionary currents such as white supremacy, white nationalism, anti-immigration, and, especially in later iterations, Nordicism, anti-Catholicism, and antisemitism.
An economy is an area of the production, distribution, or trade, and consumption of goods and services by different agents in a given geographical location.
He appointed African-Americans and Jewish-Americans to prominent federal offices.
African Americans are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.
American Jews, or Jewish Americans, are Americans who are Jews, whether by religion, ethnicity or nationality.
In 1871, Grant created the first Civil Service Commission.
A civil service commission is a government agency that is constituted by legislature to regulate the employment and working conditions of civil servants, oversee hiring and promotions, and promote the values of the public service.
The Democrats and Liberal Republicans united behind Grant's opponent in the presidential election of 1872, but Grant was handily re-elected.
The Liberal Republican Party of the United States was an American political party that was organized in May 1872 to oppose the reelection of President Ulysses S. Grant and his Radical Republican supporters in the presidential election of 1872.
